Frank Gardner: Navy plans reflect sea change in how wars are fought

Image source, Reuters Image caption, Ukraine is already deploying naval drones in its war with Russia By Frank Gardner Security correspondent Published 8 minutes ago The Royal Navy is to transform the way it operates over the next few years. Britain's six Type 45 destroyers, designed for air defence, will no longer be replaced by the planned Type 83 versions. Instead, the Navy is to get several cheaper ships called Common Combat Vessels that will act as hubs controlling a fleet of uncrewed vessels or drones. The change is part of the long delayed but now updated Defence Investment Plan (DIP) being announced by the government this week. It's called hybridisation – combining traditional crew-operated weapons platforms like frigates, with fleets of uncrewed and autonomous systems. In the Royal Navy's case, it gets to keep the frigates, which will be updated with new versions in the pipeline. But the big, powerful and expensive Type 83 destroyers, yet to be built, are now being scrapped in favour of the drones. Navy to build drone-equipped warships instead of replacing ageing destroyers Drones take different shapes and sizes and these naval ones are very different from the tiny, cheap quadcopters being deployed with deadly effect on the battlefield of the Donbas. Instead, they measure nearly 100 metres long and will be deployed in the North Atlantic to confront the threat from Russia's submarines and "research" vessels that have been taking an unhealthy interest in the vulnerable undersea cables that carry more than 90% of the UK's data, including trillions of dollars' worth of financial transactions. The Royal Marines, part of the Royal Navy, are also being allocated around £500m for fast Commando Insertion Craft and strike drones, part of a Rapid Response Force. The plans being announced are controversial, to say the least. John Healey resigned as defence secretary this month in protest at what he said was the government's failure to spend enough money to properly defend Britain against the current range of threats, primarily coming from Russia. With a reported yawning £28bn gap in Britain's defence budget and the additional £13.5bn earmarked to fill it, Healey's resignation was swiftly followed by that of Al Carns, the armed forces minister, for the same reasons. Image source, Andy Rain/EPA/Shutterstock Image caption, Newly-appointed Defence Secretary Dan Jarvis has been working to finish the DIP since taking up his post Dan Jarvis, the minister who took on the job of defence secretary, has just spent the last two weeks "refocusing" the DIP to take on more of the lessons from Ukraine and Iran. Ukraine's almost non-existent navy has been able to successfully drive back Russia's once-powerful Black Sea fleet away from its shores by using extraordinarily innovative drone technology both on, above and below the surface. In the recent US-Iran conflict around the Strait of Hormuz, the main take-away lesson for defence planners is that, despite US P